Slab incinerator with interconnected door control



3y 23, was. 1,721,936

s AB liasc g gfim'aca WITH mrmcomi comm.

" Filed June as, 1.925; s Sheets-Sheet 1 Jul 23, 1929.

F J WEBER 1,721,936 v SLAB INCINERMQQ WITH INTERCONNECT!!! DOOR- CONTROLFiled June 29, 1925' 3 sheets sheet gg h 6 42 xia Y 7 3 7%., v 1/ 7 m, agi 197 roe/var Jul 23, 1929. F. J. WEBER 32L93 SLAB INCINERETOR WITHINTERCONFECTED DOOR COITRUE Filed June 29, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I @vroeFFICE.

FBEDERIGK J. WEBER, 03 LOS ANGELES, CALH'ORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WEBERms" TOR 60., A COBPOTIQN OF CALIFORNIA.

TOR WITH INTEBCOHNECTEJ) DOOR CONTROL.

Application filed June 29, 1925. Serial Ho. %0,270.

This invention relates to the construction of incinerators, andparticularly to incin erators designed for domestic use.

With the passage of city ordinances re- 5 specting the disposal ofrefuse, it has become necessary to provide improved means for theburning of waste material. A common type of incinerator consists of avertical structure of fire-resisting material, having an opening nearthe upper end'thereof, through which the material to be burned may beintroduced, and having an opening near the bottom there of, to serve asa draft opening and for the removal of ashes. These comparativelprimitive incinerators are not generally me. e

of such size as to receive a very large charge and, as the materialplaced therein burns, it

is customary to add thereto, ,through the charge openings; but it isfound that, when the fire is burning within the incinerator and .the'charge door is open, flames and smoke will issue therefrom in suchmanner as to.

make the addition of more material unpleasant and even dangerous. It istherefore an I 5 object of this invention to provide an improvedincinerator, having a charging openmg provided with a suitable door orcover, and a draft opening having a closure plate, optionallyassociating therewith intervening 39 means for causing a closingmovement of said plate, relatively to the draft opening, when thecharging door is opened-thus momen tarily shutting 0d the-air from the,incinerator, so as to cause the flames therein to die down, obviatingthe undesirable and dangerous issuance of smoke and flame from thecharging opening.

It is a further object of this invention to provide simple and efiectivemeans whereby 40 the opening of a charging door and the closing 0 adraft opening may be simultaneously accomplished, as by hand (or by thefoot) of the person desiring to place material, to be burned, intheincinerator. This feature is an important convenience, owing tothefact that the arms of the user are generally occupied in carrying andholding the material to be burned.

The major parts of my incinerator may be cast in the form of separateslabs and plates,

suitable for economical transportation and convenient assembly,interlocking to form a.

rigid structure; and it is a further object of this invention to providenovel features contributing to the simplicity and economy and durabilityof construction of slab inviding parts edectively cooperating wit anovel grate and draft system hereinafter described.

Other especial advantages and objects of my invention may be bestunderstood from the following description of typical embodiments of myinvention, taken In connection with the appended claims and theaccompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of. apreferred form of a complete incinerator,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through an incinerator of the type shown inFig. 1. v

. Fig. 3 is a section, on a slightly enlarged scale, which may beregarded as taken on the plane indicated by the line 33 of Fig. 2, butomitting details irrelevant to slab and plate relationships.

Fig. 4 is a similar view, taken substantially as indicated by the line4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view,

taken in such a plane as is indicated by the lines 5-5 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 6 is a separate elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a feeddoor and door frame, the frame being cast into a slab.

' Fig. 7 is a detail view, taken substantially as indicated by the arrow7 of Fig. 6.

. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a. closure element such as mayoptionally be provided for use, without pivots, in one of the slabscomprising an incinerator cap, as hereinafter described.

The incinerator shown in Fig. 1 comprises a lower tier of slabsconstituting a box structure 11. an upper tier 12, and a cap tier 13,preferably formed of separate slabs or blocks, above which extends astack 14,-the Slabs of the respective tiers being of such form that theyinterlock without the use of bolts and rovide an incinerator chamber inwhich" re se hazard.

may be burned without fire In this form of incinerator, the lowersection 11 is formed of four quadrilaterial slabs 16,17, 18 and 19,which are preferably cast from concrete, or the like; and these slabs,

which may rest upon adivided or unitary slab or foundation. member 20,are preferably u wardly convergent or trapezoidal and provi ed withmating side or edge formations of the general character shown at 23,Fig. 3,.such that an interlocking effect and a seal may be formedtherebetween, with or without the use of a layer 24 of asbestos or othersimilar fireresisting incombustible fibrous substance. Two of thementioned slabs of a tier, as the slabs 16 and 18, may be slightly widerand adapted to overlap the edges of the interposed slabs; and beveledsurfaces thereof may provide channels 26,

cast therein, The edges 27 of the members 17 and 19 are also shown ascorrespondingly beveled,-in planes which may intersect substantially atthe center of said incinerator, to

- provide shoulders having obtuse angles that interfitwithin thechannels 26,incidentally efiecting a bending of any sheet 24 ofasbestos, or the like, placed between adjacent slabs, and preventing anyslab from swinging inward between its neighbors, although permitting anyslab to shift independently 4 and directly outward, without a resultantfracture of interfitting parts. I

The lower edges of the respective slabs may be held in place by meanssuch as upwardly extending flanges 30 on the foundation plate 20; andframes or apertured horizontal restraining plates 31, 31', alsooptionally cast of a composition such as concrete, may be placed overthe upper edges of any of the respective tiers of slabs. The frame orplate 31 is shown as recessed, at 33 and 34, so that it will provide aflange 34', to fit down over the upper edges of the slabs 16 to 19inclusive, and the flange 33'. to receive the lower edges 35 of theslabs 37. constituting the upper section 12. Thus, the respective tiersof slabs may oppositely contact with an inwardly extending flange'36;and the upper edges of the slabs 37 may be enclosed by the similarplate-or frame 31', comprising downwardly extending flanges 38,-upwardlyex-- tending flanges 38 being shown as partially overlain byinterfitting sections 39 of the cap 13. This cap may be offrusto-pyramidal form, and may comprise four substantially identicalslabs each overlapping one adjacent slab and carrying anupwardly projecting internal arcuate flange 40, over which the lower end or bell 41of the stack 14 may extend. The wall members or slabs 37 may have thesame edge construction as the described slabs 16 to 19 inclusive, andmay be placed together, with or without strips of .clean-out opening 44,which extends the full width of the section 11, is thereby formed; and aclosure section 19*, for this opening, may be provided with a cast-inhandle H, and may rest upon foundation plate 20. The beveled andupwardly inclined surfaces 45 and 46 are preferably non-contacting even.when the section 19 is in closed position. As

indicated, the section 19 is intended to have a greater horizontallength than the section 19", which may interfit between adjacentsections 16 and 18. substantially in the man- 'ner indicated in Figs. 1,3 and 5,so that it may'either be pivotally swung outward or becompletely removed. In view ofthe fact that the edges of the wallslabs'converge upwardly and inwardly in a manner favorable to supportthe section 19", it will be evident.

that this member will remain in out the use of securing means.

In the described form of incinerator. the

place with slab 16 may be provided, at or 'near its lower edge, with adraft opening 47 having a closure plate 48, operating in cast-in slides49: and a front slab 37 of the upper section 12 may be provided with acharging openin encircled by a suitable frame 50,-about which the bodyof one of the slabs may be cast. Supported near the lower edge of theopening, as by trunnions 51. is shown a "door 52: and a flattenedportion 53 of one of said trunnions may be vertically movable through aslot 54 in one of a pair of bearing lugs 55, said slot being too narrowto receive said trunnion except when the door 52 is held in a substantially horizontal plane. By thus pivoting the door 52 on a horizontal axisnear its lower edge, I am enabled to use this door as a feed chute; and.to avoid a jarring efl'cct incidental to the opening of said door. I mayoptionally surround one-or both of the trunnions 51 with spiral springsS, substantially as shown, on-

tionally. utilizing also means such as the bent wire shown, to keep thetrunnion 55 from jumping out through slot 54.

From. for example. an eve 56 movable with or by a handle 57 a. chain 59.or other flexible member, mav extend directlv past a projecting ledge(optionally reinforced at 62 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2) this chain beingsncured to the closure member 48 and of such length that when the door52 is in closed position the'draft plate 48 is raised, thus'allowing thepassage of air-through the draft mamas opening 47 whenever the chargingdoor is closed. A bracket 64 may .be secured to the plate 48, or itsequivalent, if desired, to facilitate the operation of theinterconnected closure members by foot pressure; and, in any event, thedescribed interconnection of parts causes the draft to be shut off whenthe charging door is open, thus preventing the issuance of a blast offlame or smoke from the charging opening, and making it possible safelyand conveniently to place additional refuse in the incinerator.

As shown, I prefer to connect the men tioned closures by attaching thechain 59, directly or indirectly, near the respective upper edgesthereof; and for the sake of completeness, I may mention at this pointcertain auxiliary or cooperating features of construction comprisesubstance to the protection of which Patent No. 1,575,024 granted March2nd, 1926 is more especially directed. As shown in Fig. 2, a gratesupport 7 5, of heavy sheet metal or other suitable material, may beplaced in the bottom of the lower section 11, and may have substantiallythe form shown, a one-piece or other grate 76 being disposed thereon,for the purpose of supporting the materials placed in the incinerator.The grate support 75 may comprise an upper U- shaped frame 77, belowwhich extend inward= ly directed horizontal webs 'Z 8, from the inneredges 79 of which there may extend downwardly and outwardly inclinedside walls 81, sloping in such manner that the lower edges 82 thereofmay be disposed almost vertically below the outer edges of the U-shapedframe 77.- The grate support 7 5 is intended to be placed with itscentral or leg-connecting portion disposed opposite the opening 47, orits equivalent, so that V-shaped channels are provided between sidewalls 81 and the lower portions of the wall'slabs 17 to 19inclusive,-air passages such as perforations 84,,

being provided in the upper portions of the sloping walls 81, throughwhich air, entering by way of the draft opening 47 into the mentionedchanneds, may pass inwardly to the central portion of the grate 76,somewhat as indicated by the arrows 87, in Fig. 2. Upon removal of thesection 19", which isshown as extending substantially the full width ofthe lower portion of my incinerator, ample opening is provided, throughwhich the grate support and grate may be bodily removed with a minimumof elfort,so that all metallic or other incombustible scrap, cans andsimilar articles may be cleaned from the grate and the ashes quicklyshoveled or dragged out with a hoe or other suitable tool. The fea tureshere referred to constitute a valuable advance over the known types ofincinerators,not commonly provided with laterally removable gratesupports nor with suitable means for cleaning out the ashes or otherunburnable articles therefrom.

In conjunction with the described features, or independently thereof, Imay employ in the cap 13, even though the same be formed in thesectional manner illustrated, an additional closure 88, not providedwith hinges, although preferably secured against misplacement by meanssuch as a chain 89, shown as surrounding the stack 14, and as secured toa handle 90, bolted or otherwise secured near the top of said closure.The closure plate 88, or its equivalent, may be used for any desired purose, as for the insertion of wet waste above ry waste introduced throughopening 50; and it may be provided with reinforcing ribs 91 near theupwardly convergent lateral edges thereof; and said reinforcing ribs maybe cutaway near the top and expanded at their lower ends, in order tofacilitate the removal or the seating of the same in an aperture 92,within which the described ribs may loosely fit.

It will be understood that an or all of my described slabs and platesmay be left unprovided with interior reinforcement, and any of thedescribed tiers or courses of blocks may be adapted to interfit eitherin the general mannerillustrated in Fig. 3 (two of the blocks beingwider than the intervening blocks) or in the general manner illustratedin Fig. 4 (in which each block extends completely over one edge of oneadjacent block) but I prefer that my blocks shall meet in brokendiagonal planes forming an angle of about 45 relatively to verticalplanes which include the horizontal edges thereof, and it should beunderstood that, when local regulations permit,' the lower portion ofone of my incinerators'; preferably including an apertured plate 31 (andoptionally employed with a sheet metal or other suitable cover, notshown) may be used alone; or, the upper portion,

including parts above the plate 31, may be I 1y be filled with sand, orthe like, tending not only to prevent leakage of smoke, but to re- 1store the respective inclined slabs, under the action of gravity. toinner positions such as those illustrated inFig. 2; but it should begenerally understood that various features of my invention may beindependently emploved, and also that numerous modifications, additionalto those described, might be devised, by those skilled in the art towhich this case relates,-without the slightest departure from the spiritand scope of my invention, as

in broken lanes formed by interfitting, obtuse-angle shoulders, sodlsposed as to per- I mit each trapezoidal member to shift independentlyand directly outward.

2. In an incinerator, the combination of: wall members of quadrilateraloutline arranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form anenclosure; foundation means having upwardly extending projections reventing outward movement of the lower e ges of said wall members; and aframeresting on,

the upper edges of said wall members, said frame having downwardlyextending for preventing outward movement 0 the upper edges of said wallmembers and having upwardly directed flanges; an upper section comprisedof cooperating quadrilateral wall members having their lower edgesresting on said frame within the confines of said upw'ardly directedflanges; and a cap supported above the upper edges of said u per sectionand having downwardly extendlng interfitting parts.

3. In an incinerator,'the combination of: wall members of quadrilateraloutline arranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form anenclosure; means for preventingoutward movement of the lower edges ofsaid wall members; a frame resting on the upper edges of said wallmembers, said frame having downwardly extending flanges for limitingoutward movement of the upper edges of said wall members, and havingupwardly directed flanges; an upperLsectiOn comprised of cooperatingquadrilateral wall members having parts adapted to interfit with a capand having their lower edges resting on said frame within the confinesof said upwardly directed flanges; and a sectional cap supported abovesaid interfitting parts at the top of said upper section.

4. In an incinerator, the combination of: wall members of quadrilateraloutline, ar-

ranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form an enclosure;foundation means having upwardly extending projections preventingoutward movement of the lower edges of said wall members; one of saidwall members comprising a fixed upper lintel section, leaving aclean-out opening which extends the full width of said enclosure, and aclosure section, resting on said foundation means but engaging beneathsaid lintel section and normally closing said clean-out opening; andmeans preventing outward movement of the upper edges of said wallmembers.

5. An incinerator comprising a tier of flat, trapezoidal side slabsupwardly ta ering and conver ent, the abutting latera surfaces thereobeing formed to interfit in broken vertical diagonal planes provided bybeveled edges thereon, some-of said planes intersecting thesubstantially vertical axis of said incinerator; and interfitting meansforv limiting outward movement of the horizontal edges of said slabs.

6. An incinerator comprising flat, trapezoidal side slabs u wardlytapering and convergent, the abutting lateral surfaces of said slabsbeing formed to interfit in vertical diagonal planes provided by bevelededges thereon, some of said planes intersecting the substantiallyVertical axis of said incinerator; apertured restraining means extendingacross said slabs, the tops and bottoms of said slabs beingsubstantially horizontal and retained within recesses in saidrestraining means.

7 An incinerator comprising: inclined slabs disposed in tiers andprovided with interlocking abutting lateral vertical surfaces providedby beveled edges thereon, some of said surfaces being disposed in planeswhich intersect substantially in the substantially vertical axis of thesaid incinerator; and apertured restraining composition platesintelartposed between successive tiers of the said s a s.

8. An incinerator as defined in claim 7 in which said plates compriseinwardly extending flanges contacting with horizontal edges of saidslabs.

9. An incinerator comprising: flat, trape' zoidal side slabs beveled inbroken planes providing obtuse shoulders which permit independentexpansion of said slabs without separation thereof but which tend toprevent direct passage of smoke laterally between said slabs. v

10. An incinerator comprising: flat, trapezoidal side slabs beveled inbroken planes providing obtuse shoulders which permit'independentexpansion of said slabs without separation thereof but which tend toprevent direct assage of smoke laterally between said slabs and toretain fibrous incombustible material therebetween. l

11. An incinerator comprising: slabs so disposed as to form inwardlyextending walls of an enclosure; and a restraining plate, said platebeing provided with a flange normally spaced from said slabs and withmeans, held thereby, adapted to prevent said slabs from moving toward anouter position.

12 An incinerator comprising: plates provided with restraining flanges;a tier of upplates and providing an enclosure one of said slabs includinan upper lintel section, permanently hel in place, and a section normallunder said lintel section, which is outwar ly movable by Pivotin thesame upon its lower edge to provide a c can-out opening, said uppersection being retained by an gement with upwardly and outwardly in inedsurfaces upon adjacent slabs.

13. An-mcinerator comprising: apertured plates; su e'rimposed tiers ofupwardly convergent s abs restrained by flanges on said aperturedplates, one of said tiers comprising slabs respectively having anarcuate projection at t e upper edges thereof; and a stack f fittingover said pro ections.

- 14. An incinerator comprising: apertured plates; su rimposed tiers ofupwardly convergent s abs restrained by flanges on said rtured plates,one of said tiers comprising a s abs respective] having arcuate proections at the u per ges thereof; a stack fitt over sai projection; a sark arrester an means for an rting sai spark arrester at' the top of am15. An incinerator comprising a tier of flat, trapezoidal side slabsupwar tapering and convergent, the abutting lateral surfaces thereofbeing formed to interfit in broken 7 vertical diagonal plane s providedby beveled edges thereon, some of said lanes mtersecting thesubstantiall vertica axis of said incinerator, said beve ed edgesproviding interfitting means for limiting outward movement of thehorizontal edges of said slabs and in which each slab completelyoverlaps one end of one adjacent slab.

16. An incinerator comprising: plates provided with retainin flan es; 0.tier of u wardly convergent bs eld between said plates and providing anenclosure, one of,

said slabs including a lintel section permanently held in place forminga clean-out opening therebe ow into said enclosure; and a cover sectionfor said open which is outwardly movable by pivoting e same upon itslower edge.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles,California, this 22nd day of June, 1925.

FREDERICK J. WEBER;

